PMD - JDepend Source Code Analysis

Package	Total Classes	Abstract Classes	Concrete Classes	Afferent Couplings	Efferent Couplings	Abstractness	Instability	Distance
net.sourceforge.pmd	16	4	12	9	7	25%	44%	31%
net.sourceforge.pmd.ant	2	0	2	0	4	0%	100%	0%
net.sourceforge.pmd.ast	101	5	96	11	1	5%	8%	87%
net.sourceforge.pmd.cpd	28	4	24	1	6	14%	86%	0%
net.sourceforge.pmd.cpd.cppast	11	1	10	1	0	9%	0%	91%
net.sourceforge.pmd.jaxen	4	1	3	3	4	25%	57%	18%
net.sourceforge.pmd.quickfix	1	1	0	0	0	100%	0%	0%
net.sourceforge.pmd.renderers	11	1	10	2	2	9%	50%	41%
net.sourceforge.pmd.rules	32	0	32	0	6	0%	100%	0%
net.sourceforge.pmd.rules.design	11	0	11	1	3	0%	75%	25%
net.sourceforge.pmd.rules.junit	1	0	1	0	2	0%	100%	0%
net.sourceforge.pmd.rules.strictexception	3	0	3	0	2	0%	100%	0%
net.sourceforge.pmd.stat	3	1	2	2	1	33%	33%	33%
net.sourceforge.pmd.symboltable	27	7	20	3	2	26%	40%	34%
net.sourceforge.pmd.util	5	1	4	4	1	20%	20%	60%
net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer	1	0	1	0	1	0%	100%	0%
net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.gui	7	1	6	1	3	14%	75%	11%
net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.gui.menu	4	0	4	0	4	0%	100%	0%
net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.model	6	1	5	2	3	17%	60%	23%
net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.util	1	0	1	2	0	0%	0%	100%
org.apache.tools.ant	No stats available: package referenced, but not analyzed.
org.apache.tools.ant.types	No stats available: package referenced, but not analyzed.
org.jaxen	No stats available: package referenced, but not analyzed.
org.jaxen.util	No stats available: package referenced, but not analyzed.
org.saxpath	No stats available: package referenced, but not analyzed.
org.w3c.dom	No stats available: package referenced, but not analyzed.

Packages

[summary ] [packages ] [cycles ] [explanations ]

net.sourceforge.pmd

Afferent Couplings	Efferent Couplings	Abstractness	Instability	Distance
9	7	25%	44%	31%

Abstract Classes	Concrete Classes	Used by Packages	Uses Packages
AbstractRule ReportListener Rule TargetJDKVersion	CommandLineOptions ExternalRuleID PMD PMDException Report RuleContext RuleSet RuleSetFactory RuleSetNotFoundException RuleViolation TargetJDK1_3 TargetJDK1_4	net.sourceforge.pmd.ant net.sourceforge.pmd.cpd net.sourceforge.pmd.renderers net.sourceforge.pmd.rules net.sourceforge.pmd.rules.design net.sourceforge.pmd.rules.junit net.sourceforge.pmd.rules.strictexception net.sourceforge.pmd.stat net.sourceforge.pmd.util	net.sourceforge.pmd.ast net.sourceforge.pmd.cpd net.sourceforge.pmd.renderers net.sourceforge.pmd.stat net.sourceforge.pmd.symboltable net.sourceforge.pmd.util org.w3c.dom

net.sourceforge.pmd.ant

Afferent Couplings	Efferent Couplings	Abstractness	Instability	Distance
0	4	0%	100%	0%

Abstract Classes	Concrete Classes	Used by Packages	Uses Packages
None	Formatter PMDTask	None	net.sourceforge.pmd net.sourceforge.pmd.renderers org.apache.tools.ant org.apache.tools.ant.types

net.sourceforge.pmd.ast

Afferent Couplings	Efferent Couplings	Abstractness	Instability	Distance
11	1	5%	8%	87%

Abstract Classes	Concrete Classes	Used by Packages	Uses Packages
AccessFlags JavaParserConstants JavaParserTreeConstants JavaParserVisitor Node	ASTAdditiveExpression ASTAllocationExpression ASTAndExpression ASTArgumentList ASTArguments ASTArrayDimsAndInits ASTArrayInitializer ASTAssertStatement ASTAssignmentOperator ASTBlock ASTBlockStatement ASTBooleanLiteral ASTBreakStatement ASTCastExpression ASTCastLookahead ASTCatch ASTClassBody ASTClassBodyDeclaration ASTClassDeclaration ASTCompilationUnit ASTConditionalAndExpression ASTConditionalExpression ASTConditionalOrExpression ASTConstructorDeclaration ASTContinueStatement ASTDoStatement ASTEmptyStatement ASTEqualityExpression ASTExclusiveOrExpression ASTExplicitConstructorInvocation ASTExpression ASTFieldDeclaration ASTForInit ASTForStatement ASTForUpdate ASTFormalParameter ASTFormalParameters ASTIfStatement ASTImportDeclaration ASTInclusiveOrExpression ASTInitializer ASTInstanceOfExpression ASTInterfaceDeclaration ASTInterfaceMemberDeclaration ASTLabeledStatement ASTLiteral ASTLocalVariableDeclaration ASTMethodDeclaration ASTMethodDeclarationLookahead ASTMethodDeclarator ASTMultiplicativeExpression ASTName ASTNameList ASTNestedClassDeclaration ASTNestedInterfaceDeclaration ASTNullLiteral ASTPackageDeclaration ASTPostfixExpression ASTPreDecrementExpression ASTPreIncrementExpression ASTPrimaryExpression ASTPrimaryPrefix ASTPrimarySuffix ASTPrimitiveType ASTRelationalExpression ASTResultType ASTReturnStatement ASTShiftExpression ASTStatement ASTStatementExpression ASTStatementExpressionList ASTSwitchLabel ASTSwitchStatement ASTSynchronizedStatement ASTThrowStatement ASTTryStatement ASTType ASTTypeDeclaration ASTUnaryExpression ASTUnaryExpressionNotPlusMinus ASTUnmodifiedClassDeclaration ASTUnmodifiedInterfaceDeclaration ASTVariableDeclarator ASTVariableDeclaratorId ASTVariableInitializer ASTWhileStatement AccessNode JJTJavaParserState JavaCharStream JavaParser JavaParserTokenManager JavaParserVisitorAdapter ParseException SimpleNode Token TokenMgrError	net.sourceforge.pmd net.sourceforge.pmd.cpd net.sourceforge.pmd.jaxen net.sourceforge.pmd.rules net.sourceforge.pmd.rules.design net.sourceforge.pmd.rules.junit net.sourceforge.pmd.rules.strictexception net.sourceforge.pmd.symboltable net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.gui net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.gui.menu net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.model	net.sourceforge.pmd.symboltable

net.sourceforge.pmd.cpd

Afferent Couplings	Efferent Couplings	Abstractness	Instability	Distance
1	6	14%	86%	0%

Abstract Classes	Concrete Classes	Used by Packages	Uses Packages
CPDListener Language Renderer Tokenizer	CPD CPDNullListener CPDTask CPPLanguage CPPTokenizer CSVRenderer FileFinder FileReporter GUI GridBagHelper JavaLanguage JavaTokenizer LanguageFactory Match MatchAlgorithm MatchCollector PHPLanguage PHPTokenizer ReportException SimpleRenderer SourceCode TokenEntry Tokens XMLRenderer	net.sourceforge.pmd	net.sourceforge.pmd net.sourceforge.pmd.ast net.sourceforge.pmd.cpd.cppast net.sourceforge.pmd.util org.apache.tools.ant org.apache.tools.ant.types

net.sourceforge.pmd.cpd.cppast

Afferent Couplings	Efferent Couplings	Abstractness	Instability	Distance
1	0	9%	0%	91%

Abstract Classes	Concrete Classes	Used by Packages	Uses Packages
CPPParserConstants	CPPParser CPPParserTokenManager ClassScope Declaration ParseException Scope SimpleCharStream SymtabManager Token TokenMgrError	net.sourceforge.pmd.cpd	None

net.sourceforge.pmd.jaxen

Afferent Couplings	Efferent Couplings	Abstractness	Instability	Distance
3	4	25%	57%	18%

Abstract Classes	Concrete Classes	Used by Packages	Uses Packages
NodeIterator	Attribute AttributeAxisIterator DocumentNavigator	net.sourceforge.pmd.rules net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.gui.menu net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.model	net.sourceforge.pmd.ast org.jaxen org.jaxen.util org.saxpath

net.sourceforge.pmd.quickfix

Afferent Couplings	Efferent Couplings	Abstractness	Instability	Distance
0	0	100%	0%	0%

Abstract Classes	Concrete Classes	Used by Packages	Uses Packages
Fix	None	None	None

net.sourceforge.pmd.renderers

Afferent Couplings	Efferent Couplings	Abstractness	Instability	Distance
2	2	9%	50%	41%

Abstract Classes	Concrete Classes	Used by Packages	Uses Packages
Renderer	CSVRenderer EmacsRenderer HTMLRenderer IDEAJRenderer PapariTextRenderer SummaryHTMLRenderer TextPadRenderer TextRenderer VBHTMLRenderer XMLRenderer	net.sourceforge.pmd net.sourceforge.pmd.ant	net.sourceforge.pmd net.sourceforge.pmd.util

net.sourceforge.pmd.rules

Afferent Couplings	Efferent Couplings	Abstractness	Instability	Distance
0	6	0%	100%	0%

Abstract Classes	Concrete Classes	Used by Packages	Uses Packages
None	AccessorClassGenerationRule AtLeastOneConstructorRule AvoidDeeplyNestedIfStmtsRule AvoidDuplicateLiteralsRule AvoidReassigningParametersRule BeanMembersShouldSerializeRule ClassNamingConventionsRule CloseConnectionRule ConstructorCallsOverridableMethodRule CouplingBetweenObjectsRule CyclomaticComplexityRule DoubleCheckedLockingRule DuplicateImportsRule ExcessiveImportsRule ExcessivePublicCountRule IdempotentOperationsRule ImportFromSamePackageRule ImportWrapper MethodNamingConventionsRule SimplifyBooleanReturnsRule StringConcatenationRule StringToStringRule SuspiciousOctalEscapeRule SymbolTableTestRule UnnecessaryConversionTemporaryRule UnusedFormalParameterRule UnusedImportsRule UnusedLocalVariableRule UnusedPrivateFieldRule UnusedPrivateMethodRule VariableNamingConventionsRule XPathRule	None	net.sourceforge.pmd net.sourceforge.pmd.ast net.sourceforge.pmd.jaxen net.sourceforge.pmd.rules.design net.sourceforge.pmd.symboltable org.jaxen

net.sourceforge.pmd.rules.design

Afferent Couplings	Efferent Couplings	Abstractness	Instability	Distance
1	3	0%	75%	25%

Abstract Classes	Concrete Classes	Used by Packages	Uses Packages
None	ExcessiveLengthRule ExcessiveNodeCountRule LongClassRule LongMethodRule LongParameterListRule LooseCouplingRule NullAssignmentRule OnlyOneReturnRule PositionalIteratorRule SwitchDensityRule UseSingletonRule	net.sourceforge.pmd.rules	net.sourceforge.pmd net.sourceforge.pmd.ast net.sourceforge.pmd.stat

net.sourceforge.pmd.rules.junit

Afferent Couplings	Efferent Couplings	Abstractness	Instability	Distance
0	2	0%	100%	0%

Abstract Classes	Concrete Classes	Used by Packages	Uses Packages
None	JUnitAssertionsShouldIncludeMessageRule	None	net.sourceforge.pmd net.sourceforge.pmd.ast

net.sourceforge.pmd.rules.strictexception

Afferent Couplings	Efferent Couplings	Abstractness	Instability	Distance
0	2	0%	100%	0%

Abstract Classes	Concrete Classes	Used by Packages	Uses Packages
None	AvoidCatchingThrowable ExceptionSignatureDeclaration ExceptionTypeChecking	None	net.sourceforge.pmd net.sourceforge.pmd.ast

net.sourceforge.pmd.stat

Afferent Couplings	Efferent Couplings	Abstractness	Instability	Distance
2	1	33%	33%	33%

Abstract Classes	Concrete Classes	Used by Packages	Uses Packages
StatisticalRule	DataPoint Metric	net.sourceforge.pmd net.sourceforge.pmd.rules.design	net.sourceforge.pmd

net.sourceforge.pmd.symboltable

Afferent Couplings	Efferent Couplings	Abstractness	Instability	Distance
3	2	26%	40%	34%

Abstract Classes	Concrete Classes	Used by Packages	Uses Packages
AbstractNameDeclaration AbstractScope AbstractScopeEvaluator NameDeclaration Scope ScopeEvaluator ScopeFactory	BasicScopeCreationVisitor BasicScopeFactory ClassScope ClassScopeEvaluator DeclarationFinder GlobalScope GlobalScopeEvaluator ImageFinderFunction LocalScope LocalScopeEvaluator MethodNameDeclaration MethodScope MethodScopeEvaluator NameOccurrence NameOccurrences Search SymbolFacade TypeSet VariableNameDeclaration VariableUsageFinderFunction	net.sourceforge.pmd net.sourceforge.pmd.ast net.sourceforge.pmd.rules	net.sourceforge.pmd.ast net.sourceforge.pmd.util

net.sourceforge.pmd.util

Afferent Couplings	Efferent Couplings	Abstractness	Instability	Distance
4	1	20%	20%	60%

Abstract Classes	Concrete Classes	Used by Packages	Uses Packages
UnaryFunction	ASTViewer Applier ResourceLoader StringUtil	net.sourceforge.pmd net.sourceforge.pmd.cpd net.sourceforge.pmd.renderers net.sourceforge.pmd.symboltable	net.sourceforge.pmd

net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer

Afferent Couplings	Efferent Couplings	Abstractness	Instability	Distance
0	1	0%	100%	0%

Abstract Classes	Concrete Classes	Used by Packages	Uses Packages
None	Viewer	None	net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.gui

net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.gui

Afferent Couplings	Efferent Couplings	Abstractness	Instability	Distance
1	3	14%	75%	11%

Abstract Classes	Concrete Classes	Used by Packages	Uses Packages
ActionCommands	ASTPanel EvaluationResultsPanel MainFrame ParseExceptionHandler SourceCodePanel XPathPanel	net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer	net.sourceforge.pmd.ast net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.model net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.util

net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.gui.menu

Afferent Couplings	Efferent Couplings	Abstractness	Instability	Distance
0	4	0%	100%	0%

Abstract Classes	Concrete Classes	Used by Packages	Uses Packages
None	ASTNodePopupMenu AttributesSubMenu SimpleNodeSubMenu XPathFragmentAddingItem	None	net.sourceforge.pmd.ast net.sourceforge.pmd.jaxen net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.model net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.util

net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.model

Afferent Couplings	Efferent Couplings	Abstractness	Instability	Distance
2	3	17%	60%	23%

Abstract Classes	Concrete Classes	Used by Packages	Uses Packages
ViewerModelListener	ASTModel AttributeToolkit SimpleNodeTreeNodeAdapter ViewerModel ViewerModelEvent	net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.gui net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.gui.menu	net.sourceforge.pmd.ast net.sourceforge.pmd.jaxen org.jaxen

net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.util

Afferent Couplings	Efferent Couplings	Abstractness	Instability	Distance
2	0	0%	0%	100%

Abstract Classes	Concrete Classes	Used by Packages	Uses Packages
None	NLS	net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.gui net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.gui.menu	None

Cycles

[summary ] [packages ] [cycles ] [explanations ]

Package	Cyclic Dependencies
net.sourceforge.pmd	net.sourceforge.pmd.stat net.sourceforge.pmd
net.sourceforge.pmd.ant	net.sourceforge.pmd.renderers net.sourceforge.pmd net.sourceforge.pmd.stat net.sourceforge.pmd
net.sourceforge.pmd.ast	net.sourceforge.pmd.symboltable net.sourceforge.pmd.ast
net.sourceforge.pmd.cpd	net.sourceforge.pmd net.sourceforge.pmd.stat net.sourceforge.pmd
net.sourceforge.pmd.jaxen	net.sourceforge.pmd.ast net.sourceforge.pmd.symboltable net.sourceforge.pmd.ast
net.sourceforge.pmd.renderers	net.sourceforge.pmd net.sourceforge.pmd.stat net.sourceforge.pmd
net.sourceforge.pmd.rules	net.sourceforge.pmd net.sourceforge.pmd.stat net.sourceforge.pmd
net.sourceforge.pmd.rules.design	net.sourceforge.pmd.stat net.sourceforge.pmd net.sourceforge.pmd.stat
net.sourceforge.pmd.rules.junit	net.sourceforge.pmd net.sourceforge.pmd.stat net.sourceforge.pmd
net.sourceforge.pmd.rules.strictexception	net.sourceforge.pmd net.sourceforge.pmd.stat net.sourceforge.pmd
net.sourceforge.pmd.stat	net.sourceforge.pmd net.sourceforge.pmd.stat
net.sourceforge.pmd.symboltable	net.sourceforge.pmd.ast net.sourceforge.pmd.symboltable
net.sourceforge.pmd.util	net.sourceforge.pmd net.sourceforge.pmd.stat net.sourceforge.pmd
net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer	net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.gui net.sourceforge.pmd.ast net.sourceforge.pmd.symboltable net.sourceforge.pmd.ast
net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.gui	net.sourceforge.pmd.ast net.sourceforge.pmd.symboltable net.sourceforge.pmd.ast
net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.gui.menu	net.sourceforge.pmd.ast net.sourceforge.pmd.symboltable net.sourceforge.pmd.ast
net.sourceforge.pmd.util.viewer.model	net.sourceforge.pmd.jaxen net.sourceforge.pmd.ast net.sourceforge.pmd.symboltable net.sourceforge.pmd.ast

Explanations

[summary ] [packages ] [cycles ] [explanations ]

The following explanations are for quick reference and are lifted directly from the original JDepend documentation .

Term	Description
Number of Classes	The number of concrete and abstract classes (and interfaces) in the package is an indicator of the extensibility of the package.
Afferent Couplings	The number of other packages that depend upon classes within the package is an indicator of the package's responsibility.
Efferent Couplings	The number of other packages that the classes in the package depend upon is an indicator of the package's independence.
Abstractness	The ratio of the number of abstract classes (and interfaces) in the analyzed package to the total number of classes in the analyzed package. The range for this metric is 0 to 1, with A=0 indicating a completely concrete package and A=1 indicating a completely abstract package.
Instability	The ratio of efferent coupling (Ce) to total coupling (Ce / (Ce + Ca)). This metric is an indicator of the package's resilience to change. The range for this metric is 0 to 1, with I=0 indicating a completely stable package and I=1 indicating a completely instable package.
Distance	The perpendicular distance of a package from the idealized line A + I = 1. This metric is an indicator of the package's balance between abstractness and stability. A package squarely on the main sequence is optimally balanced with respect to its abstractness and stability. Ideal packages are either completely abstract and stable (x=0, y=1) or completely concrete and instable (x=1, y=0). The range for this metric is 0 to 1, with D=0 indicating a package that is coincident with the main sequence and D=1 indicating a package that is as far from the main sequence as possible.
Cycles	Packages participating in a package dependency cycle are in a deadly embrace with respect to reusability and their release cycle. Package dependency cycles can be easily identified by reviewing the textual reports of dependency cycles. Once these dependency cycles have been identified with JDepend, they can be broken by employing various object-oriented techniques.